What SA213 T5 is
T5 is a 5Cr-1/2Mo ferritic alloy steel. The chromium content forms a stable oxide that resists sulfidic corrosion and oxidation at temperatures where carbon and low-chrome steels waste away, while molybdenum carries the creep strength. It sits between T11/T22 and T9 in the refinery alloy ladder.
Chemical composition
| Element | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Carbon | 0.15% max |
| Manganese | 0.30 to 0.60% |
| Silicon | 0.50% max |
| Chromium | 4.00 to 6.00% |
| Molybdenum | 0.45 to 0.65% |
| Phosphorus / Sulfur | 0.025% max each |
Mechanical properties
| Property | Minimum |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 60,000 psi (415 MPa) |
| Yield strength | 30,000 psi (205 MPa) |
| Elongation in 2" | 30% |
| Hardness | 85 HRB max |
Where it is used
- Crude, vacuum, and coker heater tubes.
- Hydrotreater and hydrocracker feed-effluent exchangers.
- Sulfur recovery unit exchangers and reheaters.
- High-temperature hydrogen service within Nelson curve limits.
Related grades
Sulfur is worse or temperature is higher: T9. Hydrogen attack governs: check the Nelson curve, T9 or T22 may be required. Chloride or naphthenic acid: consider TP321 or TP347 stainless.
OD, minimum wall, length, quantity, heat treatment, hardness limits (refineries often cap at 217 HB), PMI requirement, and any NACE MR0175 or customer specification.

